I-Dichlorvos, njenge-insecticide esebenzayo kakhulu kunye ne-wide-spectrum ye-organophosphorus, isebenza ngokuthintela i-enzyme ye-acetylcholinesterase emzimbeni wezinambuzane, ngaloo ndlela ibangela ukuvaleka kwe-nerve conduction kunye nokufa kwezinambuzane. I-Dichlorvos inemisebenzi ye-fumigation, i-poisoning yesisu kunye ne-touch kill, kunye nexesha elifutshane lokuhlala, kwaye ifanelekile kulawulo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinambuzane, kuquka i-Hemiptera, i-Lepidoptera, i-Coleoptera, i-Diptera, kunye nezigcawu ezibomvu. I-Dichlorvos ibola ngokulula emva kokusetyenziswa, inexesha elifutshane lokuhlala kwaye akukho ntsalela, ngoko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi yezolimo.
Dichlorvos(I-2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, edla ngokufinyezwa njengeI-DDVP) yii-organophosphateisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengeisibulali zinambuzaneukulawula izinambuzane zasekhaya, kwimpilo yoluntu, kunye nokukhusela iimveliso ezigciniweyo kwizinambuzane.
I-Dichlorvos ifanelekile ukulawula izinambuzane kwizityalo ezininzi, kubandakanywa umbona, irayisi, ingqolowa, ikotoni, iimbotyi zesoya, icuba, imifuno, imithi yeti, imithi ye-mulberry njalo njalo.
Izinambuzane erayisi, ezifana ne-brown planthopper, i-rice thrips, i-rice leafhopper, njl.
Izinambuzane zemifuno.
Izinambuzane zomqhaphu: umz. i-cotton aphid, i-cotton red leaf mite, i-cotton bollworm, i-cotton bollworm ebomvu, njl.
Izitshabalalisi eziziinkozo eziziintlobo ngeentlobo: njengentlabathi yombona, njl.
Imbewu yeoli kunye nezitshabalalisi zezityalo zemali: umz. i-heartworm yesoya, njl.
Izinambuzane zomthi weti: umz. iti geometrids, imibungu yeti, iintwala zeti kunye neentwala zamagqabi.
Izinambuzane zemithi yeziqhamo.
Izinambuzane ezicocekileyo: umz. iingcongconi, iimpukane, iincukuthu, amaphela, njl.
Izitshabalalisi zokugcina impahla: umz. iinkuni zerayisi, abaphangi beenkozo, abaphangi beenkozo, ooqongqothwane kunye namanundu engqolowa.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ze-Dichlorvos ziquka i-80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate), i-50% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) kunye ne-77.5% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate). Ubuchule bokusebenzisa obukhethekileyo buchazwe ngezantsi:
Isityalo esinsundu:
I-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 1500 - 2250 ml/ha kwi-9000 - 12000 ilitha zamanzi.
Ukusasaza i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 2250-3000 ml/ha kunye ne-300-3750 kg yomhlaba owomileyo owomileyo okanye i-225-300 kg yeetshiphusi zomthi kumasimi erayisi angankcenkceshelwanga.
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 50% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 450 - 670 ml/ha, xuba namanzi kwaye utshize ngokulinganayo.
Impukane eluhlaza:
Faka i-80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 600 - 750 ml/ha emanzini kwaye utshize ngokulinganayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezi-2.
Sebenzisa i-77.5% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 600 ml/ha, fafaza ngokulinganayo ngamanzi.
Sebenzisa 50% EC (emulsifiable concentrate) 600 - 900 ml/ha, fafaza ngokulinganayo ngamanzi.
Brassica campestris, ikhaphetshu intwala, ikhaphetshu borer, oblique striped nightshade, yellow striped flea beetle, bean borer:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 600 - 750 ml / ha, ngokulinganayo ukutshiza ngamanzi, ukusebenza kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezi-2.
Iintwala:
Sebenzisa iDDVP 80%EC (emulsifiable concentrate) 1000 - 1500 amaxesha olwelo, utshizwe ngokulinganayo.
Intshulube yomqhaphu:
Faka i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 1000 amaxesha olwelo, ngokulinganayo ukutshizwa, kwaye ikwanesiphumo sonyango lwangaxeshanye kwicotton blind stinkbugs, umqhaphu iibhugi zebhulorho encinci njalo njalo.
I-heartworm yesoya:
Sika isikhwebu sombona sibe malunga ne-10 cm, ugqobhoze umngxuma kwelinye icala kwaye uwise i-2 ml ye-DDVP 80% EC (emulsifiable concentrate), kwaye ubeke isikhwebu sombona esithontsiza iyeza kwisebe lembotyi yesoya malunga ne-30 cm ukusuka emhlabeni kwaye yibambe ngokuqinileyo, beka izikhwebu ezingama-750 ngehektare, kwaye ukusebenza kwexesha leyeza kunokufikelela kwiintsuku eziyi-10 - 15.
Izinambuzane ezincangathi, iintwala:
Sebenzisa iDDVP 80% EC (emulsifiable concentrate) 1500 - 2000 amaxesha olwelo, fafaza ngokulinganayo.
Iintwala, iintwala, amanundu amagqabi, amanundu ehedge, amanundu azalayo njl.
Sebenzisa iDDVP 80%EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 1000 - 1500 amaxesha olwelo, ngokulinganayo ukutshizwa, ukusebenza kakuhle kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezi-2 - 3, ezifanele ukusetyenziswa kwiintsuku ezisi-7 - 10 phambi kokuvuna.
I-Rice weevil, umphangi weenkozo, umphangi weenkozo, i-gray borer kunye nenundu yengqolowa:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 25-30 ml/100 cubic metres kwindawo yokugcina impahla. Imicu yeGauze kunye namaphepha ashinyeneyo anokufakwa nge-EC (emulsifiable concentrate) kwaye emva koko ixhonywe ngokulinganayo kwindawo yokugcina impahla kwaye ivalwe iiyure ezingama-48.
Nciphisa i-dichlorvos ngamaxesha angama-100 - 200 ngamanzi kwaye uyitshize eludongeni kunye nomgangatho, kwaye uyigcine ivaliwe iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.
Iingcongconi kunye neempukane
Kwigumbi apho izinambuzane zabantu abadala zigxininiswe, sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (ioli e-emulsified) 500 ukuya kwi-1000 amaxesha olwelo, utshize umgangatho wangaphakathi, kwaye uvale igumbi kwi-1 ukuya kwiiyure ze-2.
Iincukuthu, amaphela
Tshiza iDDVP 80%EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) amaxesha angama-300 ukuya kuma-400 kwiibhodi zebhedi, ezindongeni, phantsi kweebhedi, kunye neendawo ezihanjwa ngamaphela, kwaye uvale igumbi kangangeyure enye ukuya kwezi-2 phambi kokuba kungene umoya.
Ukuxuba
I-Dichlorvos inokuxutywa kunye ne-methamidophos, i-bifenthrin, njl.
I-Dichlorvos kulula ukwenza umonakalo weziyobisi kwi-sorghum, kwaye inqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba ifakwe kwi-sorghum. Izithole zombona, ivatala kunye neembotyi zisesichengeni sokonakala, lumka xa uzisebenzisa. Xa utshiza ngaphantsi kwe-1200 amaxesha okugxininiswa kwe-dichlorvos kwii-apile emva kokutyatyamba, kulula ukuba nzakaliswe yi-dichlorvos.
I-Dichlorvos akufanele ixutywe kunye neziyobisi ze-alkaline kunye nezichumisi.
I-Dichlorvos kufuneka isetyenziswe njengoko ilungiselelwe, kwaye i-dilutions akufanele igcinwe. I-Dichlorvos EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) ayifanele ixutywe namanzi ngexesha lokugcinwa.
Xa usebenzisa i-dichlorvos kwindawo yokugcina impahla okanye ngaphakathi, abafaki-zicelo kufuneka banxibe iimaski kwaye bahlambe izandla, ubuso kunye namanye amalungu avelayo omzimba ngesepha emva kwesicelo. Emva kwesicelo sangaphakathi, kufuneka umoya wokungena umoya ngaphambi kokungena. Emva kokusebenzisa i-dichlorvos ngaphakathi, izitya kufuneka zicocwe nge-detergent ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
I-Dichlorvos kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo kwaye engenamoya.
1. Ukuphelisa iimpethu: Nciphisa amaxesha angama-500 kwaye utshize kwi-cesspit okanye i-sewage surface, sebenzisa i-0.25-0.5mL yesisombululo sesitokhwe kwimitha yesikwere.
2. Ziphelise iintwala: Tshiza isisombululo esihlanjululweyo esikhankanywe ngasentla kwi-quilt kwaye uyishiye iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
3. Ukubulala iimiyane kunye neempukane: i-2mL yesisombululo sokuqala, yongeza i-200mL yamanzi, uthele emhlabeni, uvale iifestile ngeyure eli-1, okanye udibanise isisombululo sokuqala ngendwangu yengubo kwaye uyixhome ngaphakathi. Sebenzisa malunga ne-3-5mL kwindlu nganye, kwaye umphumo unokuqinisekiswa iintsuku ezi-3-7.
1. Gcina kuphela kwisikhongozeli sokuqala. Itywinwe ngokuqinileyo. Gcina kwigumbi elingena umoya.
Gcina ngokwahlukileyo ekutyeni kwaye utyise kwindawo engenawo idreyini okanye imijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka.
2. Ukhuseleko lomntu: impahla ekhuselayo yeekhemikhali kuquka nezixhobo zokuphefumla ezizibambeleyo. Musa ukugungxula idreyini.
3. Qokelela ulwelo oluvuzayo kwisikhongozeli esivalekayo. Funxa ulwelo ngesanti okanye into efunxayo engasebenziyo. Emva koko gcina kwaye ulahle ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yendawo.