I-strawberries ingene kwinqanaba leentyantyambo, kwaye izinambuzane eziphambili kwi-strawberries-aphid, i-thrips, i-spider mites, njl. Ngenxa yokuba amangolwane, iithrips, kunye neentwala zizizinambuzane ezincinci, zifihlakele kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuzibhaqa kwasekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, zizala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokubangela iintlekele kwaye zibangele ilahleko enkulu yezoqoqosho. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukomeleza uphando lwemeko yezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo ukuze kuphunyezwe ukubhaqwa kwangethuba kunye nothintelo nolawulo kwangethuba.
Iimpawu zokwenzakala
1. Iintwala
Iintwala eziphambili ezonakalisa amaqunube ziintwala zomqhaphu kunye nentwala yepesika eluhlaza. Abantu abadala kunye ne-nymphs badibanisa ngaphantsi kwamagqabi e-strawberry, amaqabunga angundoqo, kunye ne-petioles, ukufunxa ijusi ye-strawberry kunye nokufihla i-honeydew. Emva kokuba iindawo zokukhula kunye namagqabi angundoqo onakaliswe, amaqabunga ajika kwaye ajike, achaphazela ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwesityalo.
2. Iithrips
Emva kokuba amaqabunga e-strawberry wonakaliswe, amaqabunga awonakele aphelile kwaye ashiye amanqaku ezinyo. Amagqabi ekuqaleni abonisa amachokoza amhlophe aze adityaniswe kumakhasi. Xa umonakalo unzima, amaqabunga aba mancinci, ayancipha, okanye abe tyheli, ome, kwaye abune, okuchaphazela i-photosynthesis; ngexesha leentyantyambo, amagqabi awonakele. Umonakalo unokubangela ukugqwetheka kwestamen, ukungazali kweentyatyambo, ukujika kombala kwepetal, njl. njl. Izinambuzane zabantu abadala zisenokonakalisa iziqhamo kwaye zichaphazele ixabiso lezoqoqosho lweziqhamo. Ukongeza, iithrips zinokusasaza iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsholongwane kwaye zibangele umonakalo kwimveliso yequnube.
3. Ukukhwaza
Olona didi luphambili lwe spider mite elonakalisa amaqunube yi spider mite enamachokoza amabini. Imazi ingolwane emnyama bomvu inamachokoza amnyama kumacala omabini omzimba kwaye imile okweqanda. Amaqanda e-Overwintering abomvu, ngelixa amaqanda angeyo-overwintering awancinci kakhulu. Iintwala eziselula kwisizukulwana sobusika obusika zibomvu, logama amantshontsho amancinane esizukulwana esingengawo ubusika atyheli. I-nymphae yesizukulwana se-overwintering ibomvu, kwaye i-nymphae yesizukulwana esingenayo i-overwintering iphuzi kunye namabala amnyama kumacala omabini omzimba. Amagqabi amadala, amantshontsho kunye namantshontsho afunxa incindi ngaphantsi kwamagqabi kwaye akhe iintambo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, amabala e-sporadic chlorosis avela emagqabini, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, amachaphaza amhlophe ahlakazekile kuyo yonke indawo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, amagqabi atshisa kwaye ayawa, nto leyo ebangela ukuguga kwezityalo ngaphambi kwexesha.
Imigaqo yezehlo
1. Iintwala
Iintwala zihlala zijikeleza amagqabi amancinci, iipetioles, kunye namagqabi angaphantsi ukuze afunxe incindi kwaye akhuphe umbethe wobusi ukungcolisa amagqabi. Kwangaxeshanye, iintwala zisasaza iintsholongwane kwaye zithomalalisa izithole.
2. Iithrips
Imozulu efudumeleyo neyomileyo ithanda oku. Kwenzeka rhoqo ngonyaka kwi-greenhouse yelanga kunye nokuzala kunye nobusika apho, ngokuqhelekileyo izizukulwana eziyi-15-20 / ngonyaka; kwenzeka kwigreenhouse entlakohlaza nasekwindla de kufike ixesha lokuvuna. I-Nymphs kunye nabantu abadala bahlala behleli kumbindi weentyatyambo kunye neepetali ezigqumayo, kwaye zifihlwe kakhulu. Kunzima ukuba izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo zidibanise ngqo kwaye zibulale izinambuzane.
3. Ukukhwaza
Amangolwane aselula kunye namantshontsho akwinqanaba lakwangoko azisebenzi kakhulu, lo gama amantshontsho asemva kwexesha edlamkile kwaye edla ngokutya kwaye anomkhwa wokunyukela phezulu. Ichaphazela amagqabi asezantsi kuqala kwaye isasazeke phezulu. Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nembalela zezona zinceda kakhulu ukwenzeka kwamangolwane, kwaye iimeko zokufuma kwexesha elide zenza kubenzima ukuphila.
ITekhnoloji yoThintelo noLawulo
1. Iintwala
(1) Amanyathelo ezolimo:susa ngokukhawuleza amagqabi amadala kunye nezifo ze-strawberry kunye nokhula olucacileyo olujikeleze i-greenhouse.
(2) Uthintelo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nolawulo:Misa iminatha yokuthintela izinambuzane kwiindawo zokungenisa umoya; misa iibhodi ezityheli ukubambisa kwaye zibabulale kwi-greenhouse. Ziya kusetyenziswa ukususela kwixesha lokutyala. I-greenhouse nganye isebenzisa iziqwenga eziyi-10-20, kwaye ukuphakama kokuxhoma kuphezulu kancinci kunezityalo ze-strawberry ngo-10-20 cm. Bambisa ii-aphids ezinamaphiko kwaye uzibuyisele rhoqo.
(3) Ulawulo lwebhayoloji:Kumanqanaba okuqala okwenzeka kwentwala, iiladybugs zikhutshwa ebaleni, kwaye ii<em>calories ezili-100 ngehektare nganye (amaqanda angama-20 ngekhadi ngalinye) zikhutshwa ukuze zibulale iintwala. Nika ingqalelo ekukhuseleni iintshaba zendalo ezinje ngeelacewings, hoverflies, kunye noonomeva beaphid braconid.
(4) Ulawulo lweMichiza:Ungasebenzisa i-25% ye-thiamethoxam i-granules echithwayo emanzini ngamaxesha angama-3000-5000 njengolwelo, i-3% ye-acetamiprid EC 1500 amaxesha njengolwelo, kunye ne-1.8% ye-abamectin EC 1000-1500 amaxesha njengolwelo. Nika ingqalelo ekujikelezweni kwamayeza. Nika ingqalelo kwixesha lokhuseleko lwezitshabalalisi ukuze ugweme uphuhliso lokumelana nezitshabalalisi kunye ne-phytotoxicity. (Qaphela: Ukulawula isitshizi, thintela ixesha lokudumba kwequnube, kwaye ukhuphe iinyosi eshedini xa ugalela izitshabalalisi.)
2. Iithrips
(1) Uthintelo nolawulo lwezolimo:Sula ukhula kumasimi emifuno kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo ukunciphisa isiseko sabemi bezinambuzane ezidlulayo. Kunzima kakhulu ngexesha lembalela, ngoko ke umonakalo unokuncitshiswa ngokuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zinkcenkceshelwa kakuhle.
(2) Ulawulo lomzimba:Imigibe yezinambuzane eziluhlaza okanye ezityheli zisetyenziselwa ukubambisa iithrips, ezisebenza ngakumbi. Ukuxhoma amaqhekeza angama-20-30 ngehektare nganye, kwaye umgca ongezantsi wepleyiti yombala kufuneka ube yi-15-20cm ukusuka phezulu kwesityalo, kwaye ukwandise njengoko isityalo sikhula.
(3) Ulawulo lwebhayoloji:Inani leethrips linokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngokusebenzisa iintshaba zendalo zamangolwane. Ukuba i-thrips ifunyenwe kwi-greenhouse, ukukhutshwa kwangethuba kwe-20,000 ye-Amblysei mites okanye i-cucumber mites entsha / i-acre, kanye ngenyanga, inokulawula ngokufanelekileyo umonakalo. Amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi awavumelekanga ukuba asetyenziswe kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhululwa.
(4) Ulawulo lweMichiza:Xa umthwalo wezinambuzane uphantsi, sebenzisa i-2% emamectin EC 20-30 g / mu kunye ne-1.8% i-abamectin EC 60 ml / mu. Xa umthwalo wezinambuzane unzima, sebenzisa i-6% spinosad 20 ml/acre ukutshiza ngamahlamvu. Xa sisebenzisa amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi, okokuqala, kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo enye indlela yokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezahlukeneyo ukwenza buthathaka ukuxhathisa kwazo. Okwesibini, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo yokutshiza amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi kungekuphela nje kwizityalo kodwa nasemhlabeni xa utshiza, kuba eminye imibungu eqolileyo ipupate emhlabeni. (I-Amamectin kunye ne-abamectin ziyityhefu kwiinyosi. Xa utshiza ngenjongo yokulawula, thintela ixesha leentyatyambo zequnube, kwaye uhambise iinyosi ngaphandle kweshedi xa ugalela izitshabalalisi; i-spinosad ayinayo ityhefu kwiinyosi.)
3. Ukukhwaza
(1) Uthintelo nolawulo lwezolimo:susa ukhula kwintsimi kwaye uphelise umthombo wezinambuzane ze-overwintering; ngokukhawuleza wisa amagqabi esinambuzane esidala asezantsi kwaye uwakhuphe ebaleni ukuze atshatyalaliswe embindini.
(2) Ulawulo lwebhayoloji:Sebenzisa iintshaba zendalo ukulawula inani lezinambuzane ezibomvu zesigcawu kumanqanaba okuqala okwenzeka, kwaye ukhulule i-Amblyseidia barbari ebaleni, nabantu abangama-50-150/square meter, okanye iingolwane zePhytoseiid ezinabantu abayi-3-6/square meter.
(3) Uthintelo kunye nolawulo lweMichiza:Ukusetyenziswa kokuqala, i-43% yokumiswa kwe-diphenazine ngamaxesha angama-2000-3000 kunye ne-1.8% ye-abamectin ngamaxesha angama-2000-3000 ingasetyenziselwa ukutshiza. Lawula kanye ngeentsuku ze-7. Isiphumo sokunye ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali kuya kuba ngcono. kulungile. (I-Diphenyl hydrazine kunye ne-abamectin ziyityhefu kwiinyosi. Xa utshiza ngenjongo yokulawula, liphephe ixesha leentyatyambo zequnube, kwaye ukhuphe iinyosi ngaphandle kweshedi xa ugalela izitshabalalisi.)
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-18-2023
