Kwezolimo, imichiza yokungunda ayisebenzi nje kuphela ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni izifo, kodwa nasekuphuculeni isivuno nomgangatho wezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, imarike izaliswe ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zokungunda, umgangatho wazo uyahluka. Ke, zeziphi izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela umgangatho wefungicides? Kweli phepha, siza kuxubusha umgangatho kunye nobuninzi bezithako ezisebenzayo ze-fungicides kunye nenqanaba lobuchwepheshe bokulungisa izitshabalalisi.
Umgangatho kunye nobungakanani bezithako ezisebenzayo zemichiza yokungunda
Iintlobo kunye nendima yeZithako eziSebenzayo
Isithako esisebenzayo sokubulala umngundo yinxalenye ephambili yomsebenzi walo, kwaye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithako ezisebenzayo zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zesenzo. Ngokomzekelo, amalungiselelo obhedu avimbela ukukhula kweentsholongwane ngokukhulula i-ion zethusi, ngelixa amalungiselelo e-sulfure avimbela inkqubo ye-metabolic ye-pathogens ukufezekisa umphumo we-sterilization. Ukukhethwa kunye nomlinganiselo wezithako ezisebenzayo zinefuthe elithe ngqo ekusebenzeni kwefungicides.
Umxholo weZithako eziSebenzayo
Umxholo wezithako ezisebenzayo yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokulinganisa umgangatho wemichiza yokungunda. Imichiza yokungunda enokungonelanga kwesithako esisebenzayo ihlala isilela ukufikelela kwisiphumo esilindelekileyo solawulo, ngelixa isiqulatho sesithako esisebenzayo esiphezulu kakhulu sinokubangela ingozi kwizityalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ngoko ke, umxholo ofanelekileyo wezithako ezisebenzayo unokuqinisekisa zombini umphumo we-bactericidal, kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa.
Ukwenziwa kunye nokuxuba imichiza yokungunda
Iifungicides zihlala zenziwe ngomxube wamacandelo, kubandakanywa izithako ezisebenzayo, izongezo kunye nezinyibilikisi. Umlinganiselo wamacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nenkqubo yokuxuba ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kwe-fungicide kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesiphumo. Umchiza wokungunda osemgangathweni kufuneka ube nokwakheka okufanayo kunye nokuxuba okulungileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphumo ongcono unokufumaneka rhoqo xa usetyenziswa.
Inqanaba leteknoloji yokulungisa izitshabalalisi
Impembelelo yeteknoloji yokucubungula kumgangatho wemichiza yokungunda
Itekhnoloji yokulungisa izibulali-zinambuzane ibandakanya ukuyilwa koyilo, inkqubo yemveliso kunye nolawulo lomgangatho. Itekhnoloji yokucubungula ephezulu ayinakunyusa kuphela isithako esisebenzayo se-fungicides, kodwa iphinde iphucule iimpawu zabo ze-physicochemical, zibenze zizinze kwaye zisebenze. Ngokomzekelo, itekhnoloji ye-microemulsification inokuphucula ukunyibilika kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwee-fungicides, ngaloo ndlela iphucula umphumo wabo we-bactericidal.
Iimpawu zePhysicochemical ze-biocides
Iimpawu ze-physicochemicals ze-biocides ziquka ukunyibilika, ukuzinza, ukumanzi kunye nokunye. Ii-biocides ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka zibe ne-solubility efanelekileyo kunye nokuzinza, kwaye akulula ukubola okanye ukuchithwa ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, ulwelo olulungileyo lunokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kwe-fungicide ekusetyenzisweni kunye nokuphucula umphumo wokulawula.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho
Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, iteknoloji yokulungisa imichiza yokungunda nayo ihlala ivelisa izinto ezintsha. Ngokomzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-nanotechnology kwi-fungicides kunokuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezithako ezisebenzayo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe umphumo we-sterilization kunye nokunciphisa umthamo. Ukongeza, iteknoloji yemveliso ekrelekrele inokuqonda ulawulo olululo lwenkqubo yemveliso kwaye iphucule ngakumbi umgangatho wemichiza yokungunda.
Iimveliso ezinqabileyo zezitshabalalisi kwimarike
Imiphumo eyingozi yezibulali-zinambuzane ezingenamsebenzi
Izibulali-zinambuzane ezinqabileyo azisebenzi nje kuphela ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni izifo, kodwa zisenokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwizityalo, kwendalo nakwimpilo yabantu. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane ezimdaka kunokukhokelela ekuncitshisweni kwesivuno okanye ukusilela kwesityalo, kungcolise umhlaba kunye nemithombo yamanzi, kwaye kubeke emngciphekweni indalo esingqongileyo. Ukongeza, izithako eziyingozi kwizibulali-zinambuzane ezinqabileyo zinokungena emzimbeni womntu ngekhonkco lokutya, oko kubeka impilo engozini.
Iindlela zokubona amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi
Indlela yokuchonga izitshabalalisi ezingasebenziyo ikakhulu ibandakanya ukujonga ukupakishwa kwempahla kunye nokuleyibhelishwa, ukuvavanya iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zamalungiselelo. Abathengi ekuthengeni i-fungicides, kufuneka bakhethe iziteshi ezisemthethweni, bajonge ngokucophelela ukupakishwa kwemveliso kunye nokubhala, ukuba kuyimfuneko, banokuvavanywa ngeempawu zayo ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali ukumisela umgangatho wayo.
Indlela yokuchonga umgangatho wemichiza yokungunda
Ukunakanwa ngokupakishwa kwemveliso kunye nokuleyibhelishwa
Ukupakishwa kunye nokuleyibhelishwa kwezibulali zifo zokungunda sisiseko esibalulekileyo sokugweba umgangatho wazo. Ukupakishwa komchiza wokungunda okukumgangatho ophezulu kuhlala kwenziwa ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, izikhongozeli zokupakisha zinomsebenzi oncomekayo ngakumbi, zitywinwa ngokuqinileyo nangokucocekileyo. Ileyibhile kufuneka ibonise igama lesibulali-zinambuzane, iinkcukacha, inombolo yobhaliso, inombolo yelayisenisi yokuvelisa, ubungakanani bobunzima, umenzi, udidi, imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa, iimpawu zetyhefu, izilumkiso, umhla wokuveliswa kunye nenombolo yebhetshi kunye nezinye iziqulatho. Akukho kufakwa iilebhile, umonakalo wokuleyibhile okanye umxholo ongacacanga wemveliso, umgangatho uhlala unzima ukuqinisekisa.
Iimpawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ukusuka kulungiselelo lomgangatho
Iimpawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ze-fungicide sisalathisi esibalulekileyo somgangatho wayo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokulungiselela imichiza yokungunda zineempawu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa, ngoko ke kufuneka uqonde ubume kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho xa uthenga kwaye ugwebe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukupakishwa kunye nokuleyibhelishwa kwamayeza okungunda
Iimpawu zokupakisha zemichiza yokungunda ekumgangatho ophezulu
Ukupakishwa kwee-fungicides ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokutywinwa okulungileyo kunye nokuqina. Ukuprintwa kwiphakheji kufuneka kucace kwaye kuphelele ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okanye ukuphuka. Ukongezelela, ukuyila kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zepakethe kufuneka zikwazi ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukuzinza kwe-biocide ngexesha lokugcina nokuthutha.
Ileyibhile yokuchaza umxholo kunye nokuchongwa
Iileyibhile ezifanelekileyo zokubulala umngundo kufuneka zibandakanye iinkcukacha zemveliso, njengegama lesibulali zinambuzane, iinkcukacha, abavelisi, imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa njalo njalo. Umxholo okwileyibhile kufuneka ucace, ulungelelaniswe kwaye uprintwe ngomgangatho ophezulu. Abathengi kufuneka bajonge ngononophelo iziqulatho zeleyibhile xa bethenga ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ethengiweyo iyimveliso eqhelekileyo yeemveliso ezifanelekileyo.
I-Emulsifiable Concentrates, i-oyile, i-emulsifiers kunye nolunye ulwelo lwamalungiselelo omgwebo womgangatho
Inkangeleko kunye noZinzo lweziGqaliselo eziEmulsifiable
Izigxininisi ezikwazi ukunyuswa ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zibe lulwelo oluneoyile olucacileyo ngaphandle kwemvula ebonakalayo. Kwezinye iintlobo ezikhethekileyo ze-emulsifiable concentrates, ezifana ne-2,4-dichlorobutyl ester, ukubonakala kwe-opacity okanye i-crystallization phenomenon nayo iyamkeleka, kodwa kufuneka ifudumale okanye ishukunyiswe emva kokuba i-crystals ingachithwa. Ukongezelela, ukuzinza kwe-emulsion kunye nokusabalalisa okumanzi kukwaluphawu olubalulekileyo lomgangatho. Iconcentrate ediluted emyulsifiable kufuneka ingabinaoyile edadayo kunye nemvula, kwaye ingabamanzisa amagqabi esityalo.
I-turbidity kunye nemvula yeZisombululo
Izisombululo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka zibe lulwelo olufanayo kwaye lubonakale, ngaphandle kwe-turbidity ebonakalayo okanye imvula. Ukuba izisombululo zibonakala zinamafu okanye zinemvula, zithathwa njengezikumgangatho ophantsi. Ukongezelela, umbala weZisombululo kufuneka uhambelane nomgangatho wemveliso, kwaye ukuba umbala uhluka kakhulu, umgangatho kufuneka uphinde ubuze.
Ukungafihli kunye nokuHambana kweeFomu ze-oyile
Umgangatho oLungileyo we-Oil Formulations kufuneka ucace, ulwelo lwesigaba esinye esingaxutywanga namanzi ukwenza i-emulsions. Ukuba iiFomu ze-oyile zenza i-emulsions okanye i-delaminate xa kufakwe amanzi, zinokuba zikumgangatho ophantsi we-Oil Formulations okanye ezinye iintlobo zokwenziwa.
Isigwebo soMgangatho weeFomu eziQinisekileyo ezifana neePowders, iiWP kunye neeGranules
Ukulunga kunye nokuQuquleka kweePowders eziDustable
IiPowders ezinoDustable ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zibe nobuhle obuthile kunye nokufana, kwaye umbala kufuneka uhambelane nomgangatho wemveliso. Ukongeza, i-Dustable Powders kufuneka ibe ne-fluidity elungileyo, kungabikho amaqhuma kwaye akukho flocculent. Ukuba amaqhuma anokwenziwa xa iDustable Powders ibanjwa ngesandla ngamandla, oko kuthetha ukuba umthamo wamanzi weDustable Powders mkhulu kakhulu kwaye ukusasazwa okanye ulwelo lubi.
Ukusebenza kokumanzisa kunye nenqanaba lokumiswa kweePowders ezimanzi
IiPowders ezimanzi ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zikwazi ukumanziswa ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi ukuze zenze i-suspension, kwaye aziyi kuzinza ngexesha elifutshane. Ukuba ixesha lokumanzisa lide kakhulu okanye likhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, iiPowders ezimanzi zinomgangatho ophantsi. Ezinye iimfuno zomgangatho ziyafana neDustable Powders.
Ukufana kunye noKuqhekeka kweeGranules
IiGranules ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zibe neengqungquthela ezifanayo kunye nomxholo ophantsi we powder kunye neengqungquthela ezichanekileyo. IiGranules eziqhekezayo zinokuqhekeka ngexesha elithile xa zibonakaliswe emanzini, ngelixa ii-Granules ezingahluliyo kufuneka zihlale zingatshintshi ixesha elithile. I-Aqua Granules kufuneka ibe ne-dispersibility efanelekileyo kunye nesantya sokuchithwa ngokukhawuleza emanzini.
Uvavanyo lwezinye iimpawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali
Ukumiselwa komthamo wokufuma
Umxholo wokufuma yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela umgangatho kunye nokuzinza kwee-fungicides. Iifungicides ezinobumanzi obugqithisileyo zixhomekeke kwi-caking kunye nokuwohloka, ngoko kufuneka zilinganiswe ngobuchule obukhethekileyo okanye izixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwazo ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Ukujongwa kwe-asidi kunye ne-alkalinity
I-pH ye-biocide iya kuchaphazela umphumo wayo kunye nokuzinza. I-pH efanelekileyo inokuphucula umsebenzi kunye nokuzinza kwe-fungicide, ngoko xa kuthengwa, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuba ingaba i-pH yemveliso idibana nomgangatho.
Uhlalutyo lomxholo wokungcola
Umxholo wokungcola yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela umgangatho we-fungicides. I-fungicides enomxholo wokungcola okuphezulu kakhulu ayiyi kunciphisa kuphela umphumo wayo, kodwa inokubangela ingozi kwizityalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokuhlalutya ziyafuneka ukuze kubonwe ubumdaka obukwimichiza yokungunda.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukushwankathela, umgangatho wemichiza yokungunda uchaphazeleka ikakhulu zizinto ezimbini: umgangatho kunye nobuninzi bezithako ezisebenzayo kunye nenqanaba lobuchwepheshe bokulungisa izitshabalalisi. Xa kuthengwa imichiza yokungunda, abathengi kufuneka bajonge ngononophelo ukupakishwa kunye nokuleyibhelishwa kweemveliso, baqonde iimpawu zabo zephysicochemical, kwaye bakhethe amajelo asemthethweni okuthenga iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Kungale ndlela kuphela apho sinokuthi siqinisekise ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwe-fungicides, kwaye sinikeze isiqinisekiso esiqinileyo sokukhula okunempilo kwezityalo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQs)
1. Isithako esisebenzayo sokubulala umngundo sisichaphazela njani izityalo?
Isithako esisebenzayo singundoqo we-fungicide, inokuthintela ngokuthe ngqo kunye nefuthe lokubulala kwisifo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo okunengqiqo kunokuphucula impilo kunye nesivuno sezityalo.
2. Ukwahlula njani phakathi kwe-Emulsifiable Concentrates kunye neziSombululo?
I-Emulsifiable Concentrates idla ngokuba lulwelo oluselubala oluneoyile, ngelixa izisombululo zilulwelo olucacileyo olufanayo. I-Emulsifiable Concentrates kufuneka ingabinaoyile edadayo kunye nemvula emva kokufaka amanzi, ngelixa izisombululo zithathwa njengezikumgangatho ophantsi ukuba zinamafu okanye zinemvula.
3. Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukupakishwa kwee-biocides ezikumgangatho ophezulu?
Ukupakishwa komgangatho kunokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukuzinza kwe-biocides ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokuthutha ukukhusela ukuwohloka kunye nokungaphumeleli. Kwangaxeshanye, ulwazi lokuleyibhile kwiphakheji lunokunceda abathengi bachonge umgangatho wemveliso.
4. Zeziphi iingozi zokusingqongileyo zee-biocides ezingacacanga?
Imichiza yokungunda yomgunyathi ayisebenzi nje kuphela ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni izifo, kodwa inokungcolisa umhlaba kunye nemithombo yamanzi, ibangele iimpembelelo ezingalunganga zexesha elide kwi-ikhosistim kwaye ibeke esichengeni impilo yabantu ngekhonkco lokutya.
5. Yintoni endimele ndiyinikele ingqalelo xa ndithenga amayeza okubulala umngundo?
Xa uthenga imichiza yokungunda, kufuneka ukhethe amajelo aqhelekileyo, ujonge ukuba ukupakishwa kunye nokuleyibhile kusemgangathweni, uqonde izithako ezisebenzayo kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zemveliso, kwaye ugweme ukuthenga iimveliso ngaphandle kweelebhile, iilebhile ezonakalisiweyo okanye umxholo ongacacanga.
Iguqulelwe nge-DeepL.com (uguqulelo lwasimahla)
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-05-2024
