Inkcazo elula: imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo ibulala zonke izityalo, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo ibulala kuphela ukhula olungafunekiyo kwaye ayibulali izityalo ezixabisekileyo (kubandakanywa izityalo okanye imihlaba enezityalo, njl.njl.)
Yintoni imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Ngokutshiza imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kwingca yakho, ukhula olujoliswe kuko lonakaliswa yimveliso ngelixa ingca kunye nezityalo ozifunayo azichaphazeleki.
I-herbicides ekhethiweyo yinketho enkulu xa ubona ukhula lukhula kwiindawo apho ufuna ingca kunye nezityalo, ngoko akufanele ukhathazeke ngokugqithiswa ngokucophelela kunye nokufumana imichiza engceni yakho kwaye uyonakalisa kwinkqubo.
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Landela ngokulula imiyalelo yeleyibhile kwaye udibanise ukhetho lwakho lweyeza lokutshabalalisa ukhula namanzi kwisitshizi esiphathwa ngesandla. Unokuyitshiza kwizityalo ekujoliswe kuzo ofuna ukuzisusa!
Ukuhlakula okuKhethekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni
Ngokwahlula umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula kwesinye isityalo okanye isityalo, ungajolisa ukhula ekutshizeni. Enye indlela esebenzayo yokwenza oku kukutshiza imichiza emva kokutyala isityalo naphambi kokuba ukhula lukhule.
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula eKhethekileyo
Ngeli xesha, ungatshiza umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula ngokuthe ngqo kwisityalo okanye intsimi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokonakalisa ezinye izityalo. Ukukhetha okwenene kunokufezekiswa ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo:
Physiologically, oku kuthetha ukuba indlela izityalo ezithatha ngayo imichiza, izityalo ofuna ukuzisusa zithatha iikhemikhali ngokukhawuleza kunezityalo ongazifuniyo.
I-morphologically, oku kubhekisela kwiimpawu ukhula olunokuba nazo, njengodidi lwamagqabi, kuquka igqabi elibanzi, elinoboya, njl.
Ngokwemetabolism, ngelixa izityalo ofuna ukuzikhusela ziyakwazi ukuxutywa kweekhemikhali ngaphandle komonakalo, ukhula alukwazi.
Ngemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo, kubalulekile ukwazi kwaye ufunde imiyalelo ngononophelo ukuze ungonakali izityalo ofuna ukuzigcina. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ukusebenza komchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula kuxhomekeke ekubeni uyisebenzisa nini kwaye uyisebenzisa kangakanani na.
Zeziphi ezinye zeyeza ezikhethiweyo zokutshabalalisa ukhula?
1. 2,4-D
Isicelo: Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukutshabalalisa ukhula lwamagqabi abanzi kwindawo enengca, kwizityalo eziziinkozo, emadlelweni nakwindawo ezingalinywayo.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuntshula xa ukhula lukhula.
Indlela yokwenza: Ilinganisa iihomoni zezityalo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-auxins, ezibangela ukukhula okungalawulekiyo kwaye ekugqibeleni kufe isityalo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo, ejolise kukhula lwamagqabi abanzi.
2. Dicamba
Ukusetyenziswa: Isetyenziselwa ukulawula ukhula lwamagqabi abanzi, rhoqo zidityaniswe neminye imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kumasimi ombona kunye neembotyi zesoya.
Ixesha: Inokusetyenziswa kokubini kwangaphambili nasemva kokuvela.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Njenge-2,4-D, i-Dicamba isebenza njenge-auxin yokwenziwa, ekhokelela ekukhuleni okungaqhelekanga kunye nokufa kokhula.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, ijolise ikakhulu kukhula lwamagqabi abanzi.
3. MCPA
Isicelo: Idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizityalo zecereal, ulawulo lwengca, namadlelo ukutshabalalisa ukhula lwamagqabi abanzi.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuhluma ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo kokhula.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Imisebenzi njenge-auxin yokwenziwa, efana ne-2,4-D, iphazamisa iinkqubo zokukhula kukhula olunamagqabi abanzi.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo yokhula lwamagqabi abanzi.
4. Triclopyr
Isicelo: Isebenza kwizityalo ezinemithi kunye nokhula lwamagqabi abanzi, asetyenziswa kumahlathi, amalungelo endlela, kunye nolawulo lwamadlelo.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuvela, ihlala isetyenziselwa unyango lwamabala.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Isebenza njenge-auxin yokwenziwa, iphazamisa ukukhula kweeseli kwizityalo ezijoliswe kuzo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo, esebenza ngakumbi kwiintlobo zemithi namagqabi abanzi.
5. Atrazine
Isicelo: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo zombona kunye neswekile ukulawula amagqabi abanzi kunye nokhula olunengca.
Ixesha: Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambi kokuvela okanye kwangethuba emva kokuvela.
Indlela yesenzo: inqanda ifotosynthesis kwiintlobo zezityalo ezisesichengeni.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo yamagqabi abanzi kunye nokhula olunengca.
6. Clopyralid
Isicelo: Ijonge ukhula lwamagqabi abanzi kwingca yengca, amadlelo, nakwimihlaba.
Ixesha: Ukusetyenziswa emva kokuvela ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Enye i-auxin yokwenziwa, ebangela ukukhula okungalawulekiyo nokungaqhelekanga kwizityalo ezichongiweyo zamagqabi abanzi.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo yokhula oluthile lwamagqabi abanzi.
7. Fluazifop-P-butyl
Isicelo: Isetyenziselwa ukulawula ukhula olunengca kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo eziquka iimbotyi zesoya, imifuno, kunye nezihombiso.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuhluma xa ukhula olunengca luseluncinci kwaye lukhula ngokukhutheleyo.
Indlela yokuSebenza: inqanda ukudityaniswa kwe-lipid, ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-membrane yeseli kwingca.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo yokhula olunengca.
8. Metribuzin
Ukusetyenziswa: Isetyenziswa kwizityalo ezifana neitapile, iitumato, kunye neembotyi zesoya ukulawula amagqabi abanzi kunye nokhula olunengca.
Ixesha: Inokusetyenziswa kwangaphambi kokuvela okanye emva kokuvela.
Indlela yesenzo: inqanda ifotosynthesis ngokuzibophelela kwi-photosystem II complex kwizityalo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo yamagqabi abanzi kunye nokhula olunengca.
9. Pendimethalin
Isicelo: Isetyenziswa njengeyeza lokutshabalalisa ukhula elisahlumayo ukulawula ukhula olunengca kunye nokhula oluthile kwizityalo ezinjengombona, iimbotyi zesoya kunye nemifuno.
Ixesha: Igalelwa phambi kokuba intshule emhlabeni phambi kokuba imbewu yokhula intshule.
Indlela yokwenza: Inqanda ukwahlukana kunye nobude beeseli kwizithole zokhula ezikhulayo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo, esele ihluma.
10.Clethodim
Isicelo: Ijolise ukhula olunengca kwizityalo zamagqabi abanzi ezifana neembotyi zesoya, umqhaphu, nojongilanga.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuhluma xa ukhula olunengca lukhula ngamandla.
Indlela yokuSebenza: inqanda i-enzayimu i-acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ebaluleke kakhulu ekudibaneni kwe-asidi enamafutha engceni.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo yokhula olunengca.
Nganye kula michiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula isetyenziswa ngokwezikhokelo ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okusebenzayo ngelixa kuncitshiswa umonakalo kwizityalo ezinqwenelekayo. Ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa zibalulekile kwimpumelelo yazo kunye nokuthintela ukukhula kokumelana nokhula.
Yintoni imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo?
Ngokutshiza imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo, uqinisekisiwe ukuba uya kuziphelisa naziphi na izityalo (nokuba lukhula olunamagqabi abanzi okanye lwengca) kwindawo yokugalelwa ngesitshizi nje esinye.
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo ilungile ngokukodwa ekususeni iindawo apho ukhula lungafanelanga ukuba lukhule kwaphela, njengencam zocingo, iintanda zendledlana, kunye neendlela zokuhamba. Ngenxa yemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo, ungayisebenzisa ngobuninzi ukuba ufuna ukususa lonke ukhula kumgca wakho wokubona, kunokuba ulumke ngonyango lwangaphakathi.
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Landela ngokulula imiyalelo yeleyibhile kwaye uxube umchiza ongakhethiyo owukhethileyo namanzi kwisitshizi esiphathwa ngesandla. Ungayitshiza kwizityalo ekujoliswe kuzo ofuna ukuzisusa, ngolo hlobo!
Qhagamshelana
Qhagamshelana nemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhulasebenza ngokukhawuleza. Zidla ngokubulala ukhula ngeeyure ezimbalwa, ezinye ngesiqingatha seyure ngemini enelanga. Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula iyasebenza kakhuluukhula lonyaka, ngakumbi izithole.
Ukuba ufuna ukususaezingapheliyo, khumbula ukuba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula iya kubulala kuphela izityalo eziphezulu.
Inkqubo
Olunye uhlobo lomchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula olungakhethiyo lusebenza kuinkquboindlela. Ikhemikhali ingena kwisityalo ngenxalenye enye yesityalo (idla ngokuba ziingcambu) ize isasazeke kwisityalo sonke. Le ndlela isebenza kuphela kwizityalo onokuzibona, ngoko ke ayithinteli.
Awunakukhathazeka malunga neekhemikhali ezikwi-systemic herbicides eziseleyo emhlabeni kuba ziyanyamalala xa isityalo sifile.
Zeziphi ezinye ezidumileyo zokutshabalalisa ukhula ezingakhethiyo?
1. Glyphosate
Isicelo: Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula uluhlu olubanzi lokhula kunye nengca kwezolimo, ukulima, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula kwindawo yokuhlala.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuntshula xa ukhula lukhula.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Inqanda i-enzyme ye-EPSP synthase, efunekayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-amino acids ebalulekileyo kwizityalo, ekhokelela ekufeni kwezityalo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
2. Diquat
Ukusetyenziswa: Idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula emanzini nasekulungiseni amasimi phambi kokutyala. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukunqunyulwa kwezityalo phambi kokuvuna.
Ixesha: Ukusetyenziswa emva kokuvela; isebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Indlela yokwenza: Iphazamisa iphotosynthesis ngokuvelisa iintlobo zeoksijini esebenzayo, ekhokelela kumonakalo okhawulezayo weseli kunye nokufa.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
3. Glufosinate
Isicelo: Isetyenziselwa ukulawula uluhlu olubanzi lokhula kwezolimo, ingakumbi kwizityalo eziguqulwe ngokwemfuza ukumelana nalo.
Ixesha: Igalelwa emva kokuntshula xa ukhula lukhula.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Inqanda i-enzyme ye-glutamine synthetase, ekhokelela ekuqokeleleni kwe-ammonia kwizicubu zezityalo kunye nokufa kwezityalo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
4. IParaquat
Isicelo: Isetyenziselwa ukulawula ukhula kunye nengca kwiindawo ezininzi zezolimo nezingezozolimo. Ngenxa yobutyhefu obuphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kulawulwa kakhulu.
Ixesha: Ukusetyenziswa emva kokuvela; isebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Iphazamisana ne-photosynthesis ngokuvelisa iintlobo ze-oksijini ezisebenzayo, ezibangela umonakalo weeseli kunye nokufa kwezityalo ngokukhawuleza.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
5. Imazapyr
Isicelo: Isetyenziswa ngokuchasene noluhlu olubanzi lonyaka kunye noluhlala luhlala lukhula, amatyholo kunye nemithi. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zoshishino, amalungelo-endlela, kunye namahlathi.
Ixesha: Inokusetyenziswa kokubini kwangaphambili nasemva kokuvela.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Inqanda i-enzyme i-acetolactate synthase (ALS), eyimfuneko kwi-synthesis ye-branched-chain amino acids, ekhokelela ekufeni kwesityalo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
6. I-Pelargonic Acid
Isicelo: Isetyenziselwa ukutshiswa ngokukhawuleza kwezityalo kwaye idumile kulimo oluphilayo kunye nokulima egadini njengoko isuka kwizityalo.
Ixesha: Ukusetyenziswa emva kokuvela; isebenza ngokukhawuleza.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Iphazamisa i-membrane zeseli, ekhokelela ekukhutshweni ngokukhawuleza kwezicubu zezityalo.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
7. Iviniga (iAcetic Acid)
Isicelo: Isetyenziswa njengeyeza lendalo, elingakhethiyo lokutshabalalisa ukhula kwizitiya nakwingca.
Ixesha: Ukusetyenziswa emva kokuvela; Ugxininiso oluphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-20% okanye ngaphezulu) lusebenza ngakumbi.
Indlela yokuSebenza: Yehlisa i-pH yesityalo, ibangela umonakalo weseli kunye nokuchithwa.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
8. Ityuwa (Sodium Chloride)
Ukusetyenziswa: Idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye neviniga okanye ezinye izinto zendalo kunyango lwamabala okhula. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kunokukhokelela kwimiba yobutyuwa bomhlaba.
Ixesha: Lisetyenziswa emva kokuvela.
Indlela yokwenza: Iphazamisa ibhalansi ye-osmotic kwiiseli zezityalo, ezibangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokufa.
Uhlobo: Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo.
Ngasinye kwezi zibulala-ntsholongwane zingakhethiyo zinezicelo ezithile kunye nezikhokelo zokusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okusebenzayo ngelixa kuncitshiswa ubungozi obunokubakho kwizityalo ezinqwenelekayo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ubuchule bokufaka isicelo obufanelekileyo kunye nezilumkiso zokhuseleko zibalulekile xa usebenzisa ezi mveliso.
Ndiyisebenzisa njani le michiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba uyayazi indlela yokusebenzisa ukhetho ngalunye ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezingcono.
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ikhetha ukuthintela ukukhula kokhula, kwaye ungayisebenzisa phambi kokuba intshule. Ukusebenzisa imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekupheleni kobusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kunokuba luncedo.
Ukuba uzibonile iimpawu zokhula, ungasebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuba sisichiza sokutshabalalisa ukhula emva kokuhluma. Amagqabi ayawafunxa kwaye imichiza isasazeka ukusuka apho. Sebenzisa le herbicide entwasahlobo, xa izityalo zincinci kwaye zisengozini.
Ngemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo, isilumkiso singundoqo ukuba kukho ezinye izityalo ezikufutshane nezifuna ukukhuselwa. Ukucoca intsimi ukuze kutyalwe, unokutshiza imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula njengoko kuyimfuneko, kodwa qaphela unyango olusentloko ecaleni kwendlela.
Khumbula ukuba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula (ingakumbi engakhethiyo) inetyhefu eyingozi ebantwini nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya. Kuphephe ukuzifaka eluswini nakwimpahla yakho.
Ngowuphi umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula endifanele ndiwukhethe?
Khetha umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula olungakhethiyo ukuba ufuna umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula osebenza ngokukhawuleza oza kukunceda ucoce intsimi okanye isitiya sakho phambi kokutyala izityalo ozifunayo. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba lo ayisiyiyo i-herbicide ehlala ixesha elide, ngoko kuya kufuneka uyisebenzise kwakhona kunyaka olandelayo ukutshabalalisa ukhula.
Sebenzisa i-herbicide ekhethiweyo ukuba ufuna ukukwazi ukutshabalalisa ukhula kunye nezinye izityalo ezihlaselayo ngaphandle kokonakalisa izityalo zakho okanye izityalo ofuna ukuzigcina.
FAQ
Yintoni i-herbicide ekhethiweyo?
Umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula okhethiweyo luhlobo lwesitshabalalisi esibulala kuphela ukhula oluthile ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ezinye izityalo.
Yintoni umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula ongakhethiyo?
Umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula ungakhethiyo ubulala zonke iintlobo zezityalo, hayi nje ukhula oluthile.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo kunye nezingakhethiyo?
Imichiza ekhethiweyo yokutshabalalisa ukhula ijolise kuphela kwiintlobo ezithile zokhula kwaye ayichaphazeli ezinye izityalo, ngelixa imichiza engakhethiyo ibulala zonke iintlobo zezityalo.
Ngaba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo ibulala ingca?
Ewe, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo iya kubulala yonke ingca.
Ndisebenzisa njani imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo?
Imichiza ekhethiweyo yokutshabalalisa ukhula kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokwezalathiso zeleyibhile, kwiimeko zemozulu ezifanelekileyo naxa ukhula ekujoliswe kulo lukhula ngamandla ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle nokhuseleko.
Kusetyenziswa nini imichiza ekhethiweyo yokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula idla ngokusetyenziswa xa ukhula ekujoliswe kulo lukwinqanaba lokukhula ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono.
Kutheni amafama ekhetha ukusebenzisa imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo?
Abalimi bakhetha ukusebenzisa imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ukuze balawule ngokufanelekileyo ukhula ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo wezityalo, ngaloo ndlela bephucula isivuno nomgangatho wezityalo.
Ngaba i-2,4-D sisichiza esikhethekileyo sokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Ewe, i-2,4-D sisichiza esikhethiweyo sokutshabalalisa ukhula esisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukhula lwamagqabi abanzi.
Ngaba i-atrazine sisitshabalalisi esikhethiweyo?
Ewe, i-atrazine sisichiza esikhethiweyo esisetyenziswa ukulawula ukhula olunamagqabi abanzi kunye nokhula lwengca.
Ngaba i-glyphosate sisichiza esikhethekileyo sokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Hayi. I-Glyphosate yi-herbicide engakhethiyo eya kubulala zonke izityalo.
Ngaba iparaquat sisichiza esikhethekileyo sokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Hayi. I-Paraquat sisitshabalalisi esingakhethiyo esiza kubulala zonke izityalo edibana nazo.
Ngaba i-baking soda ithathwa njengeyeza lokutshabalalisa ukhula olungakhethiyo?
Hayi, i-soda yokubhaka ayiqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa njenge-herbicide engakhethiyo.
Ngaba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo ibulala ingca?
Ewe, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo iya kubulala ingca.
Ngaba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo iyingozi kumafudo?
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engakhethiyo inokuba yingozi kumafudo kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasendle kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo.
Yeyiphi imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ebulala intshontsho?
Umchiza okhethiweyo wokutshabalalisa ukhula oqulethe i-flumetsulfuron okanye i-ethoxyfluorfen unokusebenza ekulawuleni ukhula lwentshontsho.
Yeyiphi imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ebulala ukhula lwaseJapan?
Ukhula olukhethiweyo oluqulethe i-flusulfuron luyasebenza ekulawuleni i-ghostweed yaseJapan.
Ngaba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo iya kuyibulala ingca yecentipede?
Eminye imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula inokubulala i-centipedegrass, kodwa ileyibhile ifuna ukujongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba iyasebenza na.
Ngaba imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo iya konakalisa iziqhamo kwimithi yeziqhamo?
Uninzi lwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ayinabungozi kwiziqhamo, kodwa kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo ukuthintela ukudibana ngqo neziqhamo.
Yeyiphi imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula enokusetyenziswa kwi-periwinkle erhubuluzayo?
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ekhethiweyo efana ne-flumetsulfuron inokusebenza ekulawuleni ukhula kwi-periwinkle encinci.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-31-2024
