Iimpawu zeengozi zokubola
Isifo sokubola sichaphazela kakhulu imithi yeziqhamo engaphezu kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Okukhona umthi ukhula, kokukhona isiqhamo sininzi, kokukhona kuvela isifo esibi kakhulu sokubola. Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu isiqu kunye namasebe aphambili. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo:
(1) Uhlobo lwesilonda esinzulu: bubomvu-buntsundu, bumdaka ngamanzi, bunyuswe kancinci, bungqukuva amachokoza esifo abonakala kwiziqu zemithi, emasebeni nakumaxolo. Ubume bendawo yesifo sasentwasahlobo buthambile, kulula ukukrazula, ukuxinezeleka koxinzelelo lwesandla, kunye nokukhutshwa kwejusi emdaka emthubi, kunye nencasa yelees. Ehlotyeni, njengoko iqondo lokushisa likhuphuka, indawo iyancipha, umda unamaqhekeza, kwaye ulusu lukhula amabala amancinci amnyama. Xa emanzi, amachokoza amancinci amnyama akhupha iithenda zegolide.
2 Umphetho ayikho icocekile, ngokubanzi 2 ukuya ku-3 yeesentimitha ubunzulu, ubungakanani isikhonkwane ukuya amashumi eesentimitha, kunye nophuhliso plaque isifo ngokuthe ngcembe yandiswa, plaque wabonakala ukubola. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela lesi sifo, indawo yomile kwaye iyancipha ibe yimo yekhekhe. Isilonda sivela ekupheleni kokwindla.
3 ukukhula kwesi sifo, indawo ejikeleze isikhondo emva kweveki, nto leyo ekhokelela kwindawo engaphezulu kokulahleka kwamanzi kwaye yome, kwiimeko ezimanzi zamachokoza ashinyeneyo amnyama.
Umgaqo wokwenzeka
Ibhaktiriya ye-pathogenic ebangela isifo sokubola komthi ibizwa ngokuba yi-apple melanoderma, eye-acomyces subphylum fungi. I-ascus yenza ekwindla. I-Ascospore engenambala, iseli enye. Isizukulwana se-asexual sibizwa ngokuba nguMusa sinensis, okwi-subphylum mycetosis. Ukwenza i-conidium phantsi kwexolo. Ubusika obuninzi kwizicubu ezigulayo ezine-mycelium kunye nemizimba ekhulayo eneziqhamo. Esi sifo saqala ngo-Epreli wonyaka olandelayo, xa ubushushu bungaphezu kwe-10 ℃ kwaye ukufuma kungaphezulu kwe-60%, isifo siqala ukwenzeka, xa ubushushu bungama-24 ~ 28 ℃ kwaye ukufuma kungaphezulu kwe-90%, uphondo lwe-condial. inokuveliswa kwiiyure ezi-2. Esi sifo senzeka ngamaxesha amabini aphezulu ngonyaka. Oko kukuthi, ngoMatshi ukuya kuAprili kunye no-Agasti ukuya kuSeptemba, intwasahlobo inzima kunokwindla. Xa umthi womelele kwaye imeko yesondlo ilungile, isifo sithambile. Xa umthi ubuthathaka, ukungabikho kwembalela yesichumisi, iziqhamo ezigqithisileyo, isifo esibi.
Intshayelelo kwi-Pharmacy
Le arhentetebuconazole, eyi-triazole fungicide, eyona nto inqanda i-demethylation ye-ergosterol kwi-cell membrane ye-pathogenic bacteria, ukwenzela ukuba i-pathogen ayikwazi ukwenza i-cell membrane, ngaloo ndlela ibulala ibhaktheriya ye-pathogenic. Ineempawu ze-bactericidal spectrum ebanzi, isiphumo esihlala ixesha elide kunye nokufunxwa kakuhle kwenkqubo. Inemisebenzi yokukhusela, yonyango kunye nokupheliswa kwezifo, kwaye inokuthintela ukuhlasela kwemvula kunye neebhaktheriya, kwaye ikhuthaze ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu zamanxeba kunye nezithintelo.
uphawu oluphambili
(1) Uluhlu olubanzi lweentsholongwane:Tebuconazoleayinakunqanda kuphela kwaye iphathe ukubola, kodwa ikhusela kwaye inyange izifo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nebala leqabunga, indawo emdaka, i-powdery mildew, isifo semisesane, ipere, ukubola okumhlophe kweediliya njalo njalo.
(2) Ukuqhuba kakuhle kwenkqubo:Tebuconazoleinokufunxwa ziirhizomes, amagqabi kunye nezinye iindawo zezityalo, kwaye isasazeke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesityalo nge-phloem ukufezekisa injongo yolawulo olubanzi lwezifo.
(3) Isiphumo esihlala ixesha elide: Emvatebuconazoleifunxwe zizikhondo kunye namagqabi, ingabakho kwizityalo ixesha elide ukufezekisa injongo yokuqhubeka nokubulala iintsholongwane. Ngokukodwa, i-paste isetyenziselwa ukuthambisa, kwaye i-medicament eqatywe kwizilonda yenza umaleko wefilimu yeyeza, engawi, imelana nokukhanya kwelanga, imvula kunye ne-oxidation yomoya, kwaye inokudlala ngokuqhubekayo iziphumo zokuthintela kunye zonyango. iyeza kunyaka omnye. Ubude bexesha lobungqina bunokuba lude ukuya ku-1 unyaka, onokunciphisa kakhulu ukuphindaphinda kwamayeza kunye neendleko zamayeza.
(4) Uthintelo olucokisekileyo kunye nolawulo:Tebuconazoleinemisebenzi yokukhusela, unyango kunye nokuphelisa, kwaye inefuthe elihle lokubulala kwiibhaktheriya kumphezulu wezilonda kunye neebhaktheriya ngaphakathi, kwaye ulawulo lucokisekileyo.
Izityalo ezisebenzayo
I-arhente ingasetyenziselwa kwimithi eyahlukeneyo efana ne-apula, i-walnuts, i-peaches, i-cherries, i-pears, i-crabapples, i-hawthorns, i-poplar kunye ne-willows.
into yothintelo
Ingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga ukubola, i-canker, isifo se-ring, ukuhamba kweentsini, ukuhamba kwamaxolo, njl.
Amanyathelo okuthintela nokulawula
(1) Ulawulo lwezenzululwazi: Ukuphucula amandla omthi kunye nokuphucula ukunganyangeki kwesifo somthi ngumlinganiselo osisiseko wokuthintela kunye nokulawula ukubola komthi we-apile. Yenza umsebenzi omhle wokunciphisa iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo, umthwalo ofanelekileyo, ukuthintela ukwenzeka konyaka omncinci, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi eziphilayo, isichumisi sokunkcenkceshela ngexesha, ukuthintela ukuguga komthi weziqhamo ngaphambi kwexesha, njl., kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzeka kwesifo sokubola.
(2) Ulawulo lwamachiza: Ulawulo lwamachiza yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokulawula, kwaye ii-arhente zokuthintela kunye nokunyanga ukubola zilungile kakhulu. Emva kweminyaka emininzi yokuvavanya, eyona nto ingcono yokukhusela kunye nonyango yi-pentazolol.Tebuconazoleinokungena ngamandla, ifunxe kakuhle ngaphakathi, inokufunxwa zizikhondo kunye namagqabi, kwaye iqhutywe emzimbeni, ngexylem ukuhambisa i-arhente kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomthi wesiqhamo. Inefuthe lokukhusela, ukunyanga nokuphelisa isifo sokubola, kwaye umphumo ude, kwaye kufuneka usetyenziswe kanye ngonyaka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-31-2023
