1 Wukhwekhwe ubushushu

Ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nokuzaliswa kwengqolowa, xa imozuluisinamafu nemvula , kuya kubakho inani elikhulu leentsholongwane emoyeni, kwaye izifo ziya kwenzeka.

Ingqolowa inokonakalangelo xeshaukusuka kwizithole ukuya kwisihloko, kubangela ukubola kwezithole, ukubola kwesiqu, ukubola kwesiqu kunye nokubola kwendlebe, apho owona monakalo mkhulu kukubola kwendlebe.

Iinkozo zengqolowa ezithwele iintsholongwane ze-scab ziqulethe i-toxins, ezinokubangela ityhefu ebantwini nakwizilwanyana, ezibangela ukugabha, intlungu yesisu, isiyezi, njl.

 

Unyango lweMichiza:

Carbendazim kunye ne-thiophanate-methylzibe nefuthe elihle ekulawuleni ukhwekhwe lwengqolowa.

2. Wubushushu bekungunda

Ekuqaleni, amabala okungunda amhlophe avela emagqabini. Emva koko, ngokuthe ngcembe ikhula ibe yindawana engqukuva emhlophe, kuze kubekho umaleko womgubo omhlophe phezu kwendawo yokungunda. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, amabala aba mhlophe-mhlophe okanye amdaka okhanyayo, kunye nomnyama omncinciamachaphazakwiamabala esifo.

 

Isibulali-zinambuzane esifanelekileyo:

Triazole (triazolone, propiconazole, pentazolol, njl.). Umphumo ulungile, kodwa awuzinzile, kwayeitinokusetyenziswakwinqanaba lokuqala okanye lokuthintela.

Azoxystrobinkunye nePyraclostrobin nazokulungileifuthe ekulawuleni ukungunda.

 

3. Wumhlwa wobushushu

Umhlwa wengqolowarhoqokwenzekeskumagqabi, ezingxoweni, kwizikhondo nakwiindlebe. Iimfumba ze-uredospore eziqaqambileyo ezityheli, ezibomvu-mdaka okanye ezimdaka kumagqabi agulayo okanye iziqu;ngokoiingqumba zespore ziba mnyama. Esi sifo sichaphazela ukuphuhliswa kunye nokuzaliswa kwengqolowa, okwenza iinkozo zibe zincinci kwaye zinciphise isivuno sengqolowa.

 

Isibulali-zinambuzane esifanelekileyo:

UngakhethaAzoxystrobin,Tebuconazole,Difenoconazole,Epoxiconazole okanye ifomula eyinkimbinkimbi yezi zithako ezisebenzayo.

4. Ukubola kwamagqabi engqolowa

Isifo samagqabi sichaphazela kakhulu amagqabi kunye nezingxobo zamagqabi. Ekuqaleni, amachokoza amancinci atyheli okanye aluhlaza avela emagqabini. Emva koko ii-plaques ziba zikhulu ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibe ngamacwecwe amakhulu atyheli-mhlophe okanye amthubi-mdaka.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo siqala ukusuka kumagqabi asezantsi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe sikhula ukuya phezulu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, amagqabi esityalo sonke ajika abe tyheli aze afe.

 

Isibulali-zinambuzane esifanelekileyo:

Unokukhetha i-Hexaconazole, i-Tebuconazole, i-Difenoconazole, i-Thiophanate-methyl okanye ifomula eyinkimbinkimbi yezi zithako ezisebenzayo.

5. Wubushushu

Ekuqaleni kwesi sifo, kukho ifilimu engwevu ngaphandle kwendlebe, egcwele umgubo omnyama. Emva kokuhamba, ifilimu yaphuka kwaye umgubo omnyama wabhabha.

 

Isibulali-zinambuzane esifanelekileyo:

UngakhethaEpoxiconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Triadimenol

6. Root rotof iflakisi

Esi sifo sineempawu ezahlukeneyo kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo. Kwimimandla eyinkqantosi neyinkqantosi, esi sifo sihlala sibangela ukubola kwesiqu kunye nokubola kweengcambu; kwiindawo ezinemvula,ngaphandle kokoEzi mpawu zingentla, yenza ukuba amachokoza amagqabi kunye nesiqu sibune.

Uthintelo:

(1) Khetha iintlobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nezifo kwaye ukuphephe ukutyala iintlobo ezisengozini.

(2) Ukomeleza ulawulo lokulima. Undoqo ekulawuleni ukubola kweengcambu kwinqanaba lembewu yeyokuba intsimi yengqolowa ayinakulinywa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye inokujikeleziswa ngezityalo ezifana neflakisi, iitapile, iirapese kunye nezityalo ezinemidumba.

(3) Ukufunxwa kwembewu kumayeza. Nge-tuzet, gcoba imbewu kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwii-36, kwaye umphumo wokulawula ungaphezulu kwe-80%.

(4) Ukulawula ukutshiza

Ngethuba lokuqala, ipropiconazole okanye i-thiram powder emanzi yatshizwa ngexesha leentyatyambo zengqolowa,

Okwesibini, i-thiram yatshizwa ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuzaliswa kweenkozo zengqolowa ukuya kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuvuthwa kobisi, kunye nekhefu leentsuku ezili-15. Okanye i-triadimefon inokulawula ngokufanelekileyo isifo.